Palo Alto Packet Flow Troubleshooting Issues

1. Incorrect Security Policies

• Issue: Traffic is being dropped due to misconfigured or missing security policies.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify the security policies using the CLI command show running security-policy or through the GUI.
  • Ensure that traffic matches the intended policy based on source, destination, and service.
  • Check the rule order and make sure no unintended policy overrides occur.

2. NAT Misconfigurations

• Issue: Traffic might not be properly translated due to incorrect Network Address Translation (NAT) rules.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Use the command show running nat-policy to verify NAT rules.
  • Confirm the source and destination NAT configurations, and ensure that the translated IPs are correct.
  • Utilize packet capture to see if the translation is occurring as expected.

3. Zone Misalignment

• Issue: Traffic is dropped because it is not traversing through the correct zones.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Confirm that the zones are correctly configured and that both the source and destination zones are assigned properly.
  • Check if the zones match the security policies for inter-zone or intra-zone traffic.

4. Routing Issues

• Issue: The firewall might not know how to route traffic to the next hop or the intended destination.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check the routing table using the command  show routing route
  • Verify static and dynamic routing configurations.
  • Perform trace routes or ping tests to validate the reachability of the destination.

5. Session Table Problems

• Issue: Traffic may be dropped due to session table issues, such as an existing session not being cleared.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Use the command show session all to see the active sessions.
  • Clear the session related to the problematic traffic using the clear session id <session-id> command.
  • Check if session timeouts are configured too aggressively.

6. Application Identification (App-ID) Problems

• Issue: Traffic may be classified incorrectly due to App-ID issues, causing unexpected behavior.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Use packet capture or logs to verify how the application is being identified.
  • Adjust App-ID settings or override the App-ID as needed for specific traffic.
  • Monitor traffic using the “ACC” tab in the web interface to see how applications are being categorized.

7. Asymmetric Routing

• Issue: When traffic flows into one interface and the return traffic comes from another, the firewall may drop it.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Enable session synchronization for asymmetric traffic using session distribution or configuring source/destination zone-based routing.
  • Use packet captures and session lookups to trace asymmetric paths.

8. High Availability (HA) Configuration Issues

• Issue: Traffic might be dropped during failover or HA synchronization.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Ensure HA configurations are correct and both devices are synchronized.
  • Check the failover logs to determine if traffic was interrupted during an HA event.
  • Perform packet captures during HA transitions to analyze packet drops.

9. Decryption Issues (SSL/TLS Decryption)

• Issue: Misconfigurations in SSL/TLS decryption rules can cause traffic to be dropped or misclassified.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Review the SSL/TLS decryption policy.
  • Use decryption logs to check whether traffic is being decrypted as expected.
  • Analyze traffic using packet capture tools to confirm if decryption is causing issues.

10. GlobalProtect VPN Issues

• Issue: Traffic passing through GlobalProtect VPN might face issues due to misconfigurations or certificate problems.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify the GlobalProtect configuration and client settings.
  • Check for certificate-related errors.
  • Analyze the traffic through GlobalProtect using packet captures to identify where the issue lies.

11. Licensing and Feature Constraints

• Issue: Certain traffic may be dropped due to feature or license limitations, such as URL filtering or WildFire.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Ensure that all necessary licenses are active and not expired.
  • Review feature-specific logs to determine if traffic is being blocked due to licensing constraints.

12. Fragmentation Issues

• Issue: Packet fragmentation can cause issues with larger packets being dropped.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check if fragmentation is enabled for relevant traffic.
  • Use packet captures to determine if fragmented packets are causing the problem.
  • Adjust Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) settings as needed.

Each of these common issues can be addressed through packet captures, session monitoring, and careful analysis of the Palo Alto firewall’s traffic logs.

Cisco FTD Packet Flow Troubleshooting Issues

1. Access Control Policy Issues

• Issue: Traffic is dropped due to incorrect or missing access control rules.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify the access control policy using Firepower Management Center (FMC).
  • Use system support trace and packet-tracer to trace packet flow through policies.
  • Check the logs for denied or dropped traffic.

2. NAT Configuration Errors

• Issue: Traffic fails due to incorrect or missing NAT rules.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Review NAT rules in FMC.
  • Use packet-tracer to simulate packet flow through NAT.
  • Check show nat detail to inspect NAT rule matches and translations.

3. Routing Issues

• Issue: Packets not reaching the destination due to routing misconfigurations.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify the routing table using show route.
  • Use ping and traceroute to test network connectivity.
  • Ensure static or dynamic routing (e.g., OSPF, BGP) is properly configured.

4. Interface Configuration Issues

• Issue: Traffic dropped due to interface misconfiguration or VLAN mismatches.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify interface configurations using show interface and show vlan.
  • Ensure VLAN tagging is correct and matches the upstream switch configuration.
  • Use packet-tracer to confirm interface behavior.

5. Inspection Engine Blocking Traffic

• Issue: Legitimate traffic dropped by FTD’s deep packet inspection engine (IPS, URL Filtering, Malware Protection).
• Troubleshooting:
  • Review inspection settings in the FMC.
  • Check logs for inspection-related traffic drops.
  • Create bypass rules or tune inspection settings if false positives are identified.

6. SSL/TLS Decryption Issues

• Issue: SSL/TLS traffic is dropped due to decryption issues.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Review SSL policy configurations in FMC.
  • Check logs for SSL decryption failures.
  • Use packet captures (capture) to verify SSL traffic behavior.

7. High Availability (HA) Failover Issues

• Issue: Traffic disruption during failover or synchronization issues in an HA environment.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check HA status with show failover and show failover history.
  • Ensure proper synchronization between HA members.
  • Use packet captures during failover events to analyze traffic flow.

8. Session Table Issues

• Issue: Traffic dropped due to incorrect session handling or session table overflow.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check session entries with show conn.
  • Clear sessions if needed with clear conn.
  • Review session timeout settings and adjust if necessary.

9. VPN Configuration Issues

• Issue: VPN tunnels fail to establish or traffic is dropped within the VPN.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify VPN settings (phase 1/2) using show crypto ikev2 sa and show vpn-sessiondb.
  • Review logs for VPN negotiation failures.
  • Use packet-tracer to simulate VPN packet flow.

10. Licensing or Feature Activation Issues

• Issue: Traffic blocked or features disabled due to expired licenses or unlicensed features.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify licenses with show license.
  • Ensure that all necessary licenses (e.g., Threat, URL Filtering, Malware) are installed and valid.
  • Review logs for traffic blocked due to feature limitations.

11. Multicast Routing Issues

• Issue: Multicast traffic not being forwarded due to incorrect multicast configuration.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify multicast routing configurations with show igmp and show pim.
  • Ensure multicast traffic is routed correctly through the interfaces.
  • Use packet captures to analyze multicast traffic flow.

12. Policy Deployment Failures

• Issue: Changes made in FMC are not deployed correctly to FTD devices.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check deployment status in FMC to ensure policies are applied.
  • Use system support diagnostic-cli to check the FTD device for errors.
  • Review the deployment log for errors or misconfigurations.

13. Latency and Performance Issues

• Issue: Traffic delays or performance degradation due to excessive inspection or resource overload.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Monitor resource utilization using show cpu usage and show memory.
  • Review inspection profiles and disable unnecessary features.
  • Use capture to analyze packet latency and response times.

14. Fragmentation Issues

• Issue: Fragmented packets being dropped or mishandled.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Adjust the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) on interfaces if necessary.
  • Use capture to analyze packet fragments.
  • Ensure fragmented packet handling is configured in the firewall policy.

15. Time Synchronization (NTP) Issues

• Issue: NTP time synchronization issues causing logging and event correlation problems.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify NTP configuration using show ntp and ensure synchronization is working.
  • Check logs for time drift issues.
  • Correct NTP server settings if necessary.

16. Logging and Monitoring Issues

• Issue: Insufficient logging or missing events in logs, making troubleshooting difficult.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Ensure logging is enabled for relevant access control and inspection rules.
  • Use show logging and review FMC to confirm logs are properly recorded.
  • Increase logging verbosity if needed for detailed analysis.

17. Threat Defense Rule Optimization Issues

• Issue: Rules not optimized, leading to traffic being dropped or misrouted.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Review rule order and optimization in the FMC.
  • Use system support trace to trace traffic and ensure it follows the intended path.
  • Reorder or refine rules to improve performance and accuracy.

These issues can typically be diagnosed using Cisco’s built-in tools like packet-tracer, capture, show conn, and system support trace, along with detailed analysis in Firepower Management Center.

Checkpoint Packet Flow Troubleshooting Issues

1. Security Policy Misconfiguration

• Issue: Traffic is dropped due to incorrect or missing security policies.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Review security policies in the SmartDashboard.
  • Use the command fw monitor to see how packets traverse through policy layers.
  • Ensure that source, destination, services, and actions in policies are configured correctly.

2. NAT Misconfiguration

• Issue: Traffic fails due to incorrect or missing NAT rules.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check NAT rules in the SmartDashboard.
  • Use fw monitor or tcpdump to verify that the NAT translation is happening as expected.
  • Ensure proper ordering of manual NAT rules and automatic NAT rules.

3. Routing Problems

• Issue: Packets do not reach the destination due to routing issues.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check the routing table using netstat -rn or ip route show.
  • Verify that static or dynamic routing protocols (e.g., OSPF, BGP) are correctly configured.
  • Perform a traceroute from the firewall to the destination to check path availability.

4. Anti-Spoofing

• Issue: Traffic is dropped due to Check Point’s anti-spoofing protection.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Review anti-spoofing settings in the network interface settings.
  • Ensure that the interfaces’ networks and the anti-spoofing configuration match.
  • Use fw ctl zdebug + drop to identify if traffic is being dropped due to anti-spoofing.

5. Session Table Problems

• Issue: Packets dropped due to session state issues or session table being full.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Use fw tab -t connections -s to check the session table size and utilization.
  • Clear specific sessions using fw tab -x if necessary.
  • Review session timeouts and adjust if needed.

6. Inspection Module Drops

• Issue: The firewall’s inspection engine drops traffic for security reasons.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Review SmartLog and the fw ctl zdebug output to see inspection engine logs.
  • Ensure the inspection profiles are correctly configured (IPS, Application Control, etc.).
  • Disable or modify specific inspection rules if they are triggering false positives.

7. High Availability (ClusterXL) Issues

• Issue: Traffic disruption due to HA failover or ClusterXL synchronization problems.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check ClusterXL status using cphaprob stat.
  • Ensure that synchronization between cluster members is healthy (cphaprob syncstat).
  • Use tcpdump to capture traffic during failover events.

8. Interface and VLAN Issues

• Issue: Traffic may be dropped due to incorrect interface or VLAN configuration.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check interface and VLAN configurations in the SmartConsole and the Gaia portal.
  • Use tcpdump to verify that traffic is reaching the correct interface.
  • Ensure that VLAN tagging is properly configured on both firewall and connected devices.

9. Encryption/Decryption (VPN) Issues

• Issue: VPN tunnels fail to establish or traffic is dropped inside the VPN.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify VPN configuration for phase 1/2 settings (IKE and IPSec).
  • Use vpn tu to reset tunnels and verify their state.
  • Review logs for encryption and decryption errors.

10. IPS Blocking Legitimate Traffic

• Issue: Legitimate traffic blocked due to IPS false positives.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Review the IPS logs and check if legitimate traffic is flagged.
  • Add exceptions or tune IPS profiles to reduce false positives.
  • Use SmartEvent or SmartLog to analyze the specific attack signatures triggered.

11. Global Properties Misconfiguration

• Issue: Traffic may be affected by incorrect global properties settings.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Review global properties, such as NAT settings, logging, and session timeouts.
  • Ensure that the security settings are aligned with your network requirements.
  • Use fw ctl debug to see if global property settings are affecting traffic.

12. SecureXL and CoreXL Issues

• Issue: Performance degradation due to incorrect configuration of SecureXL/CoreXL.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check SecureXL status using fwaccel stat to ensure acceleration is enabled.
  • Review CoreXL CPU distribution using fw ctl affinity -l -a.
  • Disable SecureXL temporarily (fwaccel off) to see if acceleration is causing the issue.

13. Multicast Traffic Issues

• Issue: Multicast traffic not reaching its destination due to improper configuration.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Ensure multicast routing is configured correctly using cphaprob -a if and IGMP settings.
  • Use tcpdump to monitor multicast traffic on relevant interfaces.
  • Verify that routing protocols like PIM are correctly set up if needed.

14. Licensing or Blade Activation

• Issue: Features not functioning or traffic being blocked due to licensing issues.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify licenses using cplic print or the SmartUpdate tool.
  • Ensure that all required security blades (e.g., IPS, Application Control) are activated.
  • Check SmartLog for traffic that might be blocked due to license limitations.

15. Fragmentation Issues

• Issue: Large packets may be dropped due to improper handling of fragmented packets.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Use fw ctl debug to monitor for packet fragmentation issues.
  • Check the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) settings on interfaces.
  • Enable fragmented packet handling in the global properties if necessary.

16. Secure Policy Installation Issues

• Issue: New policies are not being installed or causing traffic issues after installation.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Use the fw stat command to verify if the policy has been installed.
  • Review policy installation logs in SmartConsole.
  • Reinstall or recompile policies if needed using the “Install Policy” button in the SmartDashboard.

17. Logging and Monitoring Configuration

• Issue: Insufficient logging or monitoring settings may prevent proper troubleshooting.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Ensure logging is enabled on relevant rules and features (e.g., IPS, VPN, etc.).
  • Use SmartView Tracker or SmartLog for real-time log monitoring.
  • Increase log verbosity for deeper analysis of traffic issues.

Each of these common issues can be diagnosed with Check Point’s packet capture tools (tcpdump, fw monitor), session monitoring, and log analysis, allowing administrators to quickly pinpoint and resolve packet flow problems.

Fortigate Packet Flow Troubleshooting Issues

1. Incorrect Firewall Policies

• Issue: Traffic is dropped due to misconfigured firewall policies.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify that policies are correctly configured for source, destination, and services.
  • Check policy order and make sure no unintended policy is overriding the expected rule.
  • Use the command diagnose firewall proute list to check the routing of packets through policies.

2. NAT Misconfigurations

• Issue: Traffic fails due to incorrect or missing NAT configurations.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check NAT rules with diagnose firewall iprope lookup.
  • Confirm source and destination NAT configurations.
  • Use packet capture (diagnose sniffer packet any) to confirm whether traffic is being translated correctly.

3. Routing Issues

• Issue: Traffic doesn’t reach the destination due to routing misconfigurations.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify the routing table with get router info routing-table all.
  • Use traceroute or ping to confirm reachability to the destination.
  • Check static and dynamic routing configurations (OSPF, BGP).

4. Session Handling

• Issue: Sessions may fail due to timeouts or not being properly cleared.
• Troubleshooting:
  • List sessions using diagnose sys session list.
  • Clear specific sessions using diagnose sys session clear.
  • Ensure session TTL (time-to-live) values are correctly set and not too aggressive.

5. Zone and Interface Mismatch

• Issue: Traffic dropped due to incorrect interface or zone configurations.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify interface assignments and zone configuration.
  • Use the command diagnose netlink brctl name list to check zone interface mappings.

6. SSL/TLS Decryption Issues

• Issue: Misconfigured SSL/TLS decryption profiles leading to traffic drop.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check SSL/SSH inspection profile and confirm if traffic is being inspected as expected.
  • Analyze logs and packet captures to verify if decrypted traffic is handled correctly.
  • Review the certificate configuration for any mismatches or invalid certificates.

7. DNS Misconfigurations

• Issue: Incorrect DNS settings can prevent the firewall from resolving domain names.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify DNS server settings using get system dns.
  • Ensure that DNS servers are reachable and properly configured.
  • Check logs for DNS query failures.

8. High Availability (HA) Failover Issues

• Issue: Traffic disruption during HA failover or improper HA synchronization.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify HA status using get system ha status.
  • Check HA synchronization logs and event history for any failover issues.
  • Monitor traffic during failover events with packet captures.

9. IPS Blocking Legitimate Traffic

• Issue: False positives in IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) may block legitimate traffic.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Review IPS logs for blocked traffic patterns.
  • Create exceptions for legitimate traffic in the IPS profile.
  • Tune IPS signatures to reduce false positives.

10. Session Helpers (VoIP, FTP, etc.)

• Issue: Incorrect session helper configuration can cause issues with specific protocols (e.g., VoIP, FTP).
• Troubleshooting:
  • Check session helper configuration with show system session-helper.
  • Disable session helpers if causing issues and configure specific policies instead.
  • Review logs for protocol-specific traffic drops.

11. VLAN Misconfigurations

• Issue: Traffic dropped due to incorrect VLAN tagging or trunk configuration.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify VLAN settings with diagnose netlink vlan.
  • Ensure proper tagging on both FortiGate and connected switches.
  • Use packet captures to see if traffic is being tagged or dropped.

12. Licensing and Feature Restrictions

• Issue: Traffic blocked due to expired licenses or disabled features (e.g., antivirus, web filtering).
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify license status using get system status.
  • Ensure all necessary features (web filtering, antivirus, etc.) are licensed and active.
  • Review logs for license-related blocking events.

13. IPSec VPN Issues

• Issue: IPSec tunnels may not establish or drop traffic due to misconfigurations.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify VPN settings and phase 1/phase 2 configuration.
  • Use diagnose vpn tunnel list to check the status of VPN tunnels.
  • Check logs for any negotiation or key exchange failures.

14. Traffic Shaping or Bandwidth Management Issues

• Issue: Traffic might be limited or dropped due to traffic shaping rules.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify traffic shaping policies with diagnose firewall shaper traffic-log.
  • Adjust bandwidth limits or create new shaping policies for critical traffic.

15. Multicast/Unicast Forwarding Issues

• Issue: FortiGate might drop multicast or broadcast traffic if not configured correctly.
• Troubleshooting:
  • Verify multicast routing configuration using get router info multicast.
  • Ensure proper multicast forwarding or IGMP settings.
  • Use packet captures to analyze multicast traffic flow.

Each of these issues can be diagnosed using FortiGate’s packet capture tools, session monitoring, and log analysis. Knowing where to look in the FortiGate system is key to efficiently troubleshooting packet flow problems.

Let’s troubleshoot VM Invalid status 

You can see multiple “invalid” VM machines in the image below. Here status is showing invalid.

Reason of Invalid VM Machine status could be related to the storage of underlying machine has been moved or changed, or corrupted, deleted and it moved to another storage device and as a result of which VMware ESXi hosts no longer knows what it is and consider VM Machines as invalid.

You need to delete the invalid VM Machines and add it manually if the machine does exist.

Please consider below points before deleting any VMware Machine 

• Check .vmx file for configuration of the host. It should be accessible to replicate the new VM after deleting invalid host.
• Check if .vmx file is in unlock state
• Check VM tools for installation like SSH/putty 

There -> Navigator -> Virtual Machines -> Select VM

Click on Action -> Right Click the Action Tab -> It will give you so many options to allow, delete, and unregister you the VMware Machine.

You can select unregister Tab to remove the device from here. However if you find the options in greyed-out colour then you need to unregister the devices from SSH access.

First you need to enable SSH for VMware ESXi machines and then connect to the machines by using a putty session.

Go to Manage -> Services -> TSM-SSH -> SSH -> Action -> Select Start

And apply a running option to enable the SSH application for the host.

Login to Putty session from Windows Machine. 

Make sure you can login as a root user.

Once you login into putty session type below command to provide the overview what is running in the ESXi host

# vim-cmd /vmsvc/getallvms

You can see that the output of the command can show you the list of VM IDs. You can pick the list of VM IDs which you want to remove from the VM host.

Now further you can check the list of VM IDs with invalid status along with ID number.

Case 1: Reload VM to recover from invalid state

Here first, we will try to recover the host by reloading the configuration. We can try to reload the VM as to rectify the issue but if it fails then we have to unregister the VM (case-2)

# vmsvc/reload <VM id>

Case 2: Unregister VM Host

Now we need to unregister the above invalid VM IDs from CLI by running below command followed by VM ID number

#vim –cm /vmsvc/unregister <VM id>

Further you can cross verify the removal of VM IDs from the Web GUI of host as well.

You can reconfigure the VM hosts once removing the VM IDs.

Thanks for reading!!!

Continue Reading:

Hyper V vs VMware : Detailed Comparison

What is VMware Horizon?

A packet loss of even 1% can have a drastic impact on data transfer in a network, leading to performance and quality issues. Issues will only grow more problematic if left unchecked and allowed to persist. Packet loss has a direct correlation with quality of service and effectively impacts the stability of the network and end-user experience.

What causes Packet loss?

Packet loss is an early sign that your network’s health is deteriorating. If left unchecked for a long period, it could result in network downtime, costing the business dearly. There are multiple factors that can cause packet loss in a network, and it’s essential for IT administrators to identify and fix them in time.

Causes for Packet Loss

The top five causes for packet loss are:

• Hardware issues
• Network congestion
• Cybersecurity threats
• Overloaded devices
• Faulty configuration changes

1.Hardware Issues

Issues related to the hardware’s functionality such as outdated hardware configurations, faulty hardware, or use of legacy hardware that cannot maintain the required bandwidth have a direct correlation to the possibility of packet loss.

This is why it is important to periodically audit the hardware in your network using monitoring tools to ensure that your hardware capabilities keep pace with your company’s growth. If left unchecked, outdated hardware could even cause loss of connection.

2.Network Congestion

Network congestion occurs when there is too much data being relayed in a short amount of time, exceeding the bandwidth or capacity of the network. This can lead to data packets being delayed or dropped until previous requests are fulfilled or critical packets being lost.

3.Cybersecurity Issues

Packet drop attacks have become an increasingly concerning issue in the cybersecurity space. Hackers use packet drop attacks to tamper with your network by issuing commands to routers in your network to drop packets.

Packet loss in a network can also occur by means of a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack. A DDoS attack occurs when the network gets hit with an artificial overload of traffic, causing packet loss for a prolonged period of time and halting all operations in the network. This makes it vital to monitor your network in real time to look for and analyze potential irregularities before they turn into larger issues.

4.Overloaded devices

When individual components in a network are expected to function at a higher capacity for which they were designed, it causes an overload of the device, resulting in slow network activities like the transfer of packets. Network packet loss due to excessive use of individual components is a common issue in enterprise networks due to the high volume of data involved. This means incoming packets arrive at the device quickly, but the device takes time to send the packets out.

When there is a slowdown of packet transfer, critical packets are dropped or lost as they wait for previous data requests to be executed. It is important to ensure that individual infrastructure components are monitored for overload and sufficient backup mechanisms are implemented in the network.

5.Faulty configuration changes

A faulty configuration change to a device can also cause packet loss. This can be avoided by conducting performance tests before rolling out any changes on the network and having a proper configuration process in place. Access to configuration changes should also be restricted based on user roles. Once changes are pushed, it is best to verify all critical performance metrics to ensure the changes are functioning as intended.

Troubleshoot packet loss proactively with OpManager

ManageEngine OpManager makes it easy to discover what’s causing your network to drop packets. It can provide you with visibility on issues to help you mitigate the effects of packet loss and increase network performance. You can use ManageEngine OpManager to proactively identify and resolve potential network issues.

1.Real-time packet loss monitoring and alerting

OpManager offers 24/7, end-to-end, real-time network packet loss monitoringto help IT admins mitigate the negative impacts of packet loss in their networks. OpManager pings all monitored devices at defined monitoring intervals, and if any device has packet loss that exceeds a predefined threshold, OpManager notifies you immediately by sending an email or text message.

With its advanced threshold-based alerting system, OpManager can identify and notify you immediately if your network is starting to experience congestion or any other issues.

2.Managing configuration changes and evaluating performance metrics

ManageEngine offers Network Configuration Manager as an add-on for OpManager to help IT admins reduce network packet loss by monitoring and managing the configuration changes of all the devices in your network. With this add-on, you can:

• Schedule configuration backups and restore trusted configuration versions in a single click.
• Detect changes in real time and know who made what configuration changes and when.
• Ensure complete security and compliance for every configuration change.

3.Managing hardware issues and errors

packet loss due to hardware issues with OpManager’s real-time hardware monitoring. OpManager provides real-time information on resources and hardware health, instant threshold-based alerts for hardware issues, and help with troubleshooting errors. This helps you prevent packet loss due to hardware issues.

4.Threshold-based alerting

OpManager sends alerts specifically to notify you about packet loss in your system along with which device is responsible for it. These alerts enable you to:

• Set specific thresholds and get notified when packet loss hits the set limit.
• Configure an increasing or decreasing threshold for packet loss.
• Add intelligent threshold configurations by specifying the number of violations allowed before triggering an alert. You can implement bulk threshold configurations, too.
• Locate overload in your network and reroute traffic as needed.
• Avoid false alerts by specifying rearm values to clear alerts.

5.Packet loss monitoring on a WAN

OpManager offers wide area network (WAN) monitoring to locate and monitor packet loss on WANs. Using WAN monitoring, you can get the most out of your shared WAN without impacting performance. If you experience an outage, OpManager uses a traceroute to help you precisely locate the hop at which the outage occurred.

Packet loss is a critical issue that has a major impact on network performance and productivity. The longer packet loss is allowed to persist in a network, the more drastic the impact. This is why its vital to proactively identify potential issues resulting in packet loss and troubleshoot them as quickly as possible.

ManageEngine OpManager’s real-time packet-loss monitoring capabilities provide you with a complete and cost-effective solution to troubleshoot issues and reduce packet loss using threshold-based alerts.

If you’re looking to fix packet loss in your network, try ManageEngine OpManager with a free, 30-day trial.

Continue Reading:

What is Packet Capture?

Top 10 Cybersecurity trends

Are you the one? Do you want to know what the error codes mean and how to fix them? If so, you are in the right place. 

Website Error Codes

In this article, you will get to know about the top 10 Website Error codes, and reason for their occurrence, and solutions to them. Okay without further ado, let’s get started. 

404 Not found: One of the most common website error codes

It is a common error all people will encounter once in their life. The 404 error indicates that the requested website is non-existent. This error usually occurs when the user closes the browser, clicks too quickly or when the file is too large to load and the server is slow. 

Solution:

Check whether the URL you entered is correct and try sometimes later. If your sites often experience 404 errors then opt for better hosting service or server. You can also use the redirection plugin to your site. 

500 Internal Server Error

When you face this type of error understand that there is something wrong with your server. It often happens when the server is overloaded, try reloading the page and clearing the cache on the browser. 

Solution:

If you encounter this error in your website contact your Web Hosting service provider, if you are using WordPress check all the third parties plugins you are using. 

401 Unauthorised 

This error message is shown when you attempt to load a site or page which is not accessible to you. It often takes place when you enter the wrong password or login credentials. 

Solution:

To resolve it, check whether the login URL is changed or delete the cache and try again. If you are a website owner you can password protect using your Cpanel account for extra production. 

403 Forbidden 

This error occurs when you try to access the file or site directory which is not allowed to you. This is mostly used by the website owner to secure the vulnerable data from getting hacked. 

Solution:

If you are a website owner you can log in to your Cpanel account and set how the various files in your server should be visible to the users. Try refreshing and reloading the page or check the URL entered. 

502 Bad Gateway 

It is a little different from all the above-mentioned errors. This error occurs when one internal server receives an invalid request from another one. It is usually shown when the server takes longer to complete a request. 

Solution:

Contact your Web Hosting provider to check the reason for it. Or try using other WordPress plugins and themes. 

302 Found 

It is a temporary error that occurs when the site is moved to a new URL. Most times it will redirect the users to the original site URL in a few seconds. If not, try refreshing the page. 

Solution:

The best way to get rid of this redirecting error is used to redirect WordPress plugins from the WordPress directory. 

410 Gone

This Code is mostly used by the Webmaster when they want to delete a website completely and use the content on a different site. It is more like a permanent 404 Error. 

Solution:

This tells Google that the requested site no longer exists and can be de-indexed from Google. 

301 Moved Permanently

To be clear, it is not an error in a general sense. It is just a message that communicates that the entered URL or site is moved permanently to a different URL. 

Solution:

You can use the WordPress Redirection tool to make the redirection flawless. You should keep the redirection active for a few months so that Google will know that the site has moved to a different URL. 

502 Temporarily Overloaded

This message is shown when the site experiences high web traffic, this will be resolved once the traffic is reduced. You can try deleting the caches and refreshing the page to fix this error. 

Solution:

If you are the Website owner, move to a large hosting plan or server if you experience this error regularly as it may increase the bounce rate for your site. 

400 Bad Request 

This message means there is something wrong with the browser. It is different from the 502 bad Gateway. If you are a Website owner you don’t need to worry about it. This is caused by the defective browser. 

Solution:

It occurs when there is an unstable internet connection, security issue, etc… Users can try updating their browser to get rid of this error. 

If you have any further questions regarding the above-said errors or any other things please leave them in the comment section below. 

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Today nearly 1.5 billion people use Google Accounts and its services. Google has become a part of our life and most of us are depending on it for work and personal use. 

Whoever you are, you can be a Kid or Grandparent at 60’s. Nothing can be scary or annoying than losing your Google Accounts Access. But if you are facing this problem now, don’t worry. There are some simple steps to recover your account. 

Here in this article, you will learn about various Account Recovery options in Google and some additional tips to secure your account. Okay, enough talking let’s see the way to recover the Google Accounts in each scenario. 

Lost your Password?

As most of the time, your Google Accounts are logged on our devices, it is normal to forget your passwords. And the accounts would be created way back and you won’t be able to remember them. In this case – 

You can click the ‘Forgot Password’ option on the signature page. You will be given the following option in order. 

1. You will be asked to enter the last password you remember. If you don’t remember then click try another way. 
2. Here a verification code will be sent to your secondary recovery email or phone number or Google Account if you are logged in on other devices. 
3. If that doesn’t work click try another way. Now, Google will try to verify it is you within 6 hours. If not possible it will ask the questions like ‘What is your mother’s name’ etc.. which you stored in your account. 

By this time you would have recovered your account. Now set a new password and note it down in your diary or notes. 

Forgot your Email Address?

Well, you usually won’t forget your Gmail Address, unless you use multiple Gmail Accounts or if the Accounts are created by others or if you haven’t used it for a long time. Whatever the reason, here are the steps to recover your Gmail –

1. Click the “Forgot Email” option on the login page. 
2. Your secondary or recovery email or phone number will be asked.
3. If you don’t remember it you should enter your Username as per the Gmail Account. 

If your account was created in your work, school or office then try contacting your administrator for more information. 

If your Accounts was Hacked 

If you are unable to log in to your account, or if you find some changed your password or recovery phone number or deleted your account you can use Google’s Recovery page. 

All you need to do is to answer the questions you’re asked. If you have a two-step verification you can try it. But if you don’t get the codes in your phone or if your phone is lost then try contacting Google Support where you can recover your Account Directly. 

If Account was Deleted

If you accidentally or willingly deleted your Google Account and now you need to recover it you can do it. The Process is the same as in the previous scenario. However, if it’s been a while since you deleted your account, you may not be able to recover the data in your account.

But still, you can use it to access your Google play services and other accounts you logged in with it. 

Some tips to follow during the Google Account Recovery process:

• Try not to skip the question during your recovery process. If you don’t know the answer, try your best guess. 
• If possible, use a computer, phone, or tablet where you frequently sign in
• If possible, use the same browser (like Chrome or Safari) that you usually do
• If possible, be in a location where you usually sign in, like at home or work
• If you don’t remember your last password, use a previous one that you do remember. The more recent it was, the better. If you can’t recall any previous passwords, take your best guess.
• Consider a different variation of the answer. For example, try “NY” instead of “New York” or “Phil” instead of “Philip.

If you face any other problems while recovering your lost Google Accounts, please share them in the Comment section below. 

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